Management Control and Audit Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Management Control and Audit - Essay ExampleManagement accounting at present mainly includes managerial control techniques and auditing.In statistical concept and probability theory, the term magnetic variation is of great significance. Standard hailing is used as a control technique. It refers to the preparation of standard cost and application of these in order to measure the variations from standard cost and analyze the causes of variations to maintain maximum expertness in production. Such data is presented to management by means of division analysis. Variances among price and efficiency be important in standard costing. Material price variance means, the part of material cost variance which is due to the difference betwixt standard price and the actual price paid. harm variances will give-up the ghost due to- toll variance is mainly related with the material concepts, where as efficiency variance is broadly related with labor concepts. Efficiency variance in relation to labor means, that portion of labor cost variance which arises due to the difference between standard hours specified for the actual output and the actual hours spent.Price variance is for the material purchased, and the efficiency variance is on for the direct labor. Price variance is the difference between actual unit price and standard unit price, multiplied by actual quantity of stimulant used. It reflects a change between the expected price and actual price of input. Price Variance = (Actual Price - Standard Price) x Actual Quantity where a positive result indicates an increase in cost (i.e., an unfavorable variance), while a negative result means a reduction in costs (i.e., a favorable variance). (Business Definition For Price variance. 2007). In case of an organization, there are mainly two types of control budgetary control and financial control. Budget and budgetary control are related concepts in the theoretical aspects of Cost and

The Nature of War and US Security Policy in the Aftermath of the Cold Essay

The Nature of War and US Security Policy in the Aftermath of the refrigerant War - Essay ExampleAccording to the investigate findings, it can, therefore, be said that as one of the near significant conflicts in modern human history, the Cold War was marked by high expectations of conflict and violence, as well as continuous little planning and mobilization for war by the USSR, the US, and their respective allies. Over the course of the Cold War, hegemonic relations and alliances approximately the US and the USSR incorporated most of the free world with both countries occupying opposite and confrontational positions on most international issues. As a result, countries in the sphere of each hegemon were always in a severalize of military readiness and the risk of war was ever-present. Indeed, the most bloody post-WWII wars were fought by proxies of the USSR and the US, including the Korean War and the Vietnam War. With the oddment of the Cold War in 1991, however, global conflic ts did not decline and, in fact, there were over cxv violent conflicts reported in the first ten years of the post-Cold War period. Gray states that while whatsoever aspects of war have changed since the end of the Cold War, the objective nature of war has remained unchanged even as the subjective nature of war has changed. Deutsch also notes that war has not dissipated with the fall of the Soviet Union, save has only changed in terms of strategy and symmetry. This paper aims to show that the end of the Cold War change the security policy of the US by replacing a conventional military adversary with a more mobile and asymmetrical adversary. Newman broadly defines the Cold War as the relationship that developed betwixt the USSR and the US following their joint triumph against Nazi Germany in WWII. The unique nature of this relationship came to reign international affairs for almost five decades and led to several major crises like the Hungarian revolution, the Vietnam War, the C uban Missile Crisis, the Korean War, and the Soviet-Afghan War. Possibly the tensest issue was the proliferation of nuclear weapons and other weapons of mass destruction in zeal for eventual war.

Advanced mechanical design analysis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Advanced mechanical devise analysis - Essay ExampleThe structure exhibitn for analysis is simply supported utilise the rollers at both the fires.The actinotherapy division consists of lead separate pieces.Two pieces of longer span both connected to the end portions while the middle piece the smaller one, connects both the longer pieces using an assembly of pin joints. The dozens to which the beam is subjected consist of trey concentrated load up, one having a magnitude of 26 KN performing at the centre while the loads of magnitude 18 KN and 20 KN acting at 0.9 m and 1.1 m from both the ends. The connection provided in the members undertakes the roles of transfer of loads from one member to the other besides acting as means of support. As the connections be specified as pinned the members are given the freedom to rotate. The pinned connections are provided to facilitate the large deflection possible in the bridge part. In case stiff connection like welded connections are p rovided it would create additional stress in the body due to the induced rigidness of the connections. As the rigidity in the pinned connections are every low the members wouldnt experience any stress concentrations created by rotational effects or reaction forces.The objective of the problem is to determine the stresses in the four antithetic beam cross sections and also the deflection caused when different beam cross sections are used. The beam theory is adopted whenever the structural analysis is required on a member characterized by significant span, L, equal depth, D, and width, W. Thus the bending theory says that M/I = f /y= E/R. Where M is the supreme bending moment, I is the moment of Inertia, f is the maximum character stress, y is the depth to the outer more or less fibre from the neutral axis, E is the modulus of elasticity and R is the radius of gyration. The stresses and the deflection caused in the beam from the external loads depend on length of the beam or span and the depth of the beam. Also, the stresses and the deflections in the beam shall be expressed as the functions of soak force and bending moment. Thus it is very necessary to obtain the shear force and bending moment plot. For the given problem the shear force and bending moment diagram shall be determined, it is shown separately as the hand calculations. The finite element analysis was undertaken using the MYSTRO AND LUSAS finite element software where the FEA models were formed using the command files than CAD interface systems. This approach even though was a little tedious and complex was described by separate set of commands. The success of FEA technique lies in the planning and preparation of suitable mesh arrangement for the problem to be addressed. The objective is to identify the most optimum mesh size arrangement that gives the most accurate stress distribution with in average time for analysis. The region of high stress in the beam could be meshed very lovely and t hose outside the region could be discretised using coarse mesh. The elements used for the discretisation is arrived based of variety of trial models. The elements that are used in the final analysis is three dimensional hexahedral elements which has eight nodes with each node having three degrees of freedom. These elements are geometrically linear and has an assumed internal strain field. They are sued to model the beam flanges and connecting plates. The beam webs are modelled using the three or four noded elements having 5 degrees of freedom and the connections are also modelled using hexahedral elements. The material used is assumed to behavior in the linear field. The modulus of elasticity and poisons ratio given in the problem could be used for the analysis. The beam is restrained to move in the vertical direction. The roller supports provided would give the model a free movement along it longitudinal direction.Three dimensional beam element refers to the element that have two n odes and each node having six degrees of freedom. Three translation motion and three rotational motion are the

Management Planning Paper Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Management proviso Paper - Case Study ExampleIn order to highlight the planning function of the management, this account will look at the companys future direction as stated in its 2007 Annual Report.Boeing clearly recognizes the importance of the leadership of its workforce in the success of the railway line organization. CEO Jim Nerney states that Without incremental improvements generated by thousands upon thousands of Boeing employees last-place year, we would not have met what was-to be sure-a very challenging business plan (Annual Report 2007). The mention of the companys business plan highlights the companys commitment in making decisions for the company in advance which they implement through the members of its team.The plant of Boeing 787 Dreamliner has been precendented by careful planning of the structure, components, and how it will be marketplaceed in the market. With its phenomenal success in the market Boeing had taken steps by planning the release of spic-and- span variants in the market.Recognizing that its operation is shaped by various factors in its business environment, Boeing strives to keep up its success and performance in the market by taking note of how stakeholders are affected. With the rapid development in the market, legal, ethical and corporate social function issues are taken care of as customers look beyond price and product quality as the bases in making a procure. Studies show that customers are willing to pay a premium to purchase a product which is a produced by a business organization who gives back to the society they puzzle out in (Kotler 2005). This is recognized by Boeing indicated by its passion and commitment in creating an image of a socially, ethically, and de jure trustworthy entity.In the future, Boeings main plan is to strengthen its position in the industry by guardianship abreast with technological advancement. In its Annual Report, it states Our greatest contribution will come through pioneering n ew technologies with improved environmental performance (Annual Report 2007). The companys commitment of operating profitably is now coupled with its baffle of being an ethical organization by being concerned of how its processes and aircrafts affect the environment.Boeing identifies itself as socially responsible for(p) business organization by funding programs and activities which improves the plight of the society where it operates in. This commitment of becoming socially responsible is highlighted in the management planning. According to its 2007 Philanthropy report, our communities are included among our companys key stakeholders in the management lesson that guides how we do business around the world. This statement supports that the companys plans are being aligned at how it helps to address pressure level and compelling social issues. Thus, Boeing actively seeks to help communities in five core areas namely, education, environment, health and human services, humanities and culture, and civics. Analyze at least three factors that influence the companys strategic, tactical, operational, and contingency planning.Operating in a majuscule intensive business environment, technological change becomes one of the most

Coca-Cola and Innovation Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Coca-Cola and Innovation - Essay Example setback is giving more(prenominal) emphasize to sustainable development and they are doing everything possible to preserve the environment in which it operates. According to Jeff Seabright, The Coca-Cola Companys vice president of environment and water resources, sustainability begins with the simple typify of paying attention. You cant manage what you cant greenback(Making Sustainability the Real Thing). This paper briefly analyses the innovation at Coca Cola which helped them to maintain their top agnize unchallenged for a longer period. In May, 1886, Coca Cola was invented by Doctor John Pemberton a pharmacist from Atlanta, Georgia. John Pemberton concocted the Coca Cola formula in a three legged assurance kettle in his backyard. The name was a suggestion given by John Pembertons bookkeeper Frank Robinson. On April 23, 1985, the trade secret New blast formula was released. Today, ingatherings of the Coca Cola Company are consumed at the rate of more than one billion drinks per day (Bellis) Today, Coca Cola is the largest non-alcoholic beverage company in the world. It has more than 300 worldwide bottling partners at present which are working together with Coca-Cola to ensure success. Cokes trademark is recognized by more than 94% of the worlds population at present. ... ked its employees to think ab let on what kind of growth would be possible in a market, and to figure out how to knock down the barriers to attain that growth instead of setting goals in the traditional style (Strategic leading at Coca Cola The Real Thing, p.6). Ivester was known to be a CEO who communicated with people at all levels and ignored hierarchy (Strategic Leadership at Coca Cola The Real Thing, p.7). Ivestor time-tested to prune the gap between top management and ordinary workers. He has realized that keeping normal workers outside from decision making process may adversely affect the interests of the company and he started to acce pt suggestions and opinions from the employees point at the lower levels. This innovative strategy in management brought dividends to the organization. Coca Cola employees started to feel more sincerity towards their company and they started to witness Coke as their own company. The increased loyalty of the workers towards the company resulted in increased productivity. Daft, the successor of Ivestor also contributed heavily to the development of Coke company. Whereas Ivesters mantra had been Think global - act local, Dafts vision leaned more toward Think local - act local (Strategic Leadership at Coca Cola The Real Thing, p.10). Daft realized the importance of localization of business more than Ivestor. Ivestor has tried to implement unique business strategies all over the world since he thought that same product needs same marketing strategies everywhere. However, Daft recognized the necessities of different marketing strategies across different cultures or countries. He tried to implement different business strategies for each market, rather than trying to implement a unique business strategy all over the world.

Hazardous Waste Contamination & Treatment Risk Assessment Geohydrology Essay

unstable Waste Contamination & Treatment Risk Assessment Geohydrology & Contaminant Transport - Essay ExampleIn 1981, it was discovered by the New York State Department of Environmental Conservation, that the company was disposing its moulder inappropriately, with pour the waste sludge on the parking lot, while also disposing the solvents into an a drain leading to an toss out septic clay (NPL, 2013). The health department of the state then tested the healthys in the neighbourhood of the company and make them to be contaminated with Trichloroethylene (TCE). The company then installed carbon filters on its well system and those of some neighboring homes, but later closed down in 1985, without fulfilling the requirement for the waste and toxic contaminant cleanup (NPL, 2013). b. How it was contaminated The sludge dumped by this company on the drainage system and parking lot was found to contain a hazardous contaminant called Trichloroethylene (NPL, 2013). The company found its way on the Superfund Site List in December 1982, after having dumped waste products in the stool of sludge and solvents on its site, since 1968 to 1981 (NPL, 2013). c. The contaminants of concern Trichloroethylene (TCE) is a colorless liquid that is used as a solvent to remove grease from any metallic dowerys, and is also used as a component in spot removers, paint removers and also adhesives (NPL, 2013). This colorless liquid has a sweet scented tonus and is inflammable, and the sweet scent is even projected when the substance is burning. Trichloroethylene as a contaminant dissolves in little water, but remains longer in ground water, especially in the water rise up (NPL, 2013). However, considering that it is vaporizable, whenever it comes into the surface of soils or water, the chemical components vaporizes into the childs play, but it vaporizes slowly from the soil than surface waters, considering that it attaches to particles and can remain in that respect for long. Despi te the fact that it does not build-up easily in plants and animals, trichloroethylene sticks to water and soil particles, which eventually causes it to lenify down at the lower sediment levels in a water body or a water wells (NPL, 2013). The trichloroethylene exposure can occur through breathing in air that contains the vapors of the chemical, or even through drinking or swimming in the water that is already contaminated by the chemical (NPL, 2013). It can also be contacted through using showering water that is already contaminated with the trichloroethylene chemical component, this time through breathing in the vapors and also through skin contact. The health effects of trichloroethylene on humans depends on the amount that is ether ingested or breathed in. when minor amounts of trichloroethylene are breathed in, they may cause the individual to suffer from headaches, dizziness and lung irritations (NPL, 2013). However, when the amount of the trichloroethylene breathed increase s, it may cause more fatal health conditions, such as unconsciousness and impaired heart functions and to the extreme, death (NPL, 2013). Additionally, whenever trichloroethylene is breathed for long, notwithstanding that it could be in small amounts, it can easily result to the damage of the nerves, as well as the damage and impairment of the kidney and the colorful (NPL, 2013). The selfsame(prenominal) effects of breathing large amounts of trichloroethylene are also felt whenever large amounts of the same chemical compound is ingested through drinking, where impaired heart

Researc on Marketing Department Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Researc on Marketing Department - Research Paper theoretical accountAn excellent food marketing team should be analytical, creative and innovative. The team members should possess skills gained in college, companys trainings and experiences as well. The paper purposes to examine the different aspects of the Gulf index number Company marketing representative. It also seeks to fructify the academic and professional qualifications and competencies required to be among the companys marketing representatives. One may non be aw ar of what all that is involved with becoming a marketing consultant with Gulp Power Company. The company provides electricity to clients in Florida. Its services are both to retail and wholesale clients in eighter from Decatur countries.To be a marketer in the Gulf Power Company one has to be a have some academic qualifications. There are various undergraduate and masters programs that are relevant to the department. They include an associate degree in Market, Bachelors degree in Marketing, master of business administration among others. The associate degrees will ensure an entry post in the department. It coursework offers basic skills in marketing industry. The bachelor degree is more detailed. It covers principles of marketing, finance and management as well. Further, the program provides skills in market research that are key in the marketing field. Therefore, a bachelors degree in marketing prepares an individual towards a better marketing career. For individuals preparing for managerial positions in the department should pursue a masters program in Business Administration. The degree primarily covers business policies and strategies thus main(prenominal) for the marketing department leadership. Other related programs may include degrees in business law, economic and finance. The give tongue to courses are an added advantage in the marketing department. Moreover, it is critical that one is a certified marketer a holder of a profes sional